本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

# 使用 Amazon EventBridge 監控 S3 物件掃描
<a name="monitor-with-eventbridge-s3-malware-protection"></a>

*Amazon EventBridge* 為無伺服器事件匯流排服務，可讓您輕鬆將應用程式與來自各種來源的資料互相連線。EventBridge 會從您自己的應用程式、Software-as-a-Service(SaaS) 應用程式 AWS 和服務提供即時資料串流，並將該資料路由到 Lambda 等目標。這可讓您監控在服務中發生的事件，並建置事件導向的架構。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 [Amazon EventBridge 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/)。

GuardDuty 是受惡意軟體防護保護之 S33 儲存貯體的擁有者帳戶，會在下列情況下將 EventBridge 通知發佈至預設事件匯流排：
+ 任何受保護儲存貯體的**惡意軟體防護計劃資源狀態**變更。如需各種狀態的資訊，請參閱 [檢視和了解受保護的儲存貯體狀態](malware-protection-s3-bucket-status-gdu.md)。

  如需設定資源狀態的 Amazon EventBridge (EventBridge) 規則，請參閱 [惡意軟體防護計劃資源狀態](#resource-status-malware-protection-s3-ev)。
+ **S3 物件掃描結果**會發佈至您的預設 EventBridge 事件匯流排。

  `s3Throttled` 欄位指出從 Amazon S3 上傳或擷取儲存是否有延遲。值`true`表示有延遲，而 `false` 表示沒有延遲。

  如果 `s3Throttled` `true`適用於您的掃描結果，則 Amazon S3 建議以協助您減少每個字首每秒交易數 (TPS) 的方式設定字首。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《[Amazon S3 使用者指南》中的最佳實務設計模式：最佳化 Amazon S3 效能](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/optimizing-performance.html)。 *Amazon S3 *

  如需設定 S3 物件掃描結果的 Amazon EventBridge (EventBridge) 規則，請參閱 [S3 物件掃描結果](#s3-object-scan-status-malware-protection-s3-ev)。
+ 有**掃描後標籤失敗事件**，原因如下：
  + 您的 IAM 角色缺少標記物件的許可。

    [新增 IAM 政策許可](malware-protection-s3-iam-policy-prerequisite.md#attach-iam-policy-s3-malware-protection) 範本包含 GuardDuty 標記物件的許可。
  + IAM 角色中指定的儲存貯體資源或物件不再存在。
  + 關聯的 S3 物件已達到標籤上限。如需標籤限制的詳細資訊，請參閱《*Amazon S3 使用者指南*》中的[使用標籤將儲存體分類](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/object-tagging.html)。

  如需設定掃描後標籤失敗事件的 Amazon EventBridge (EventBridge) 規則，請參閱 [掃描後標籤失敗事件](#post-tag-failure-malware-protection-s3-ev)。

## 設定 EventBridge 規則
<a name="set-up-malware-protection-s3-eventbridge-rules"></a>

您可以在帳戶中設定 EventBridge 規則，將資源狀態、掃描後標籤失敗事件或 S3 物件掃描結果傳送至另一個 AWS 服務。身為委派的 GuardDuty 管理員帳戶，當狀態發生變更時，您將會收到惡意軟體防護計劃資源狀態通知。

標準 EventBridge 定價將適用。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 [Amazon EventBridge 定價](https://aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/pricing/)。

以{{紅色}}顯示的所有值都是範例的預留位置。這些值會根據您帳戶中的值，以及是否偵測到惡意軟體而變更。

**Topics**
+ [惡意軟體防護計劃資源狀態](#resource-status-malware-protection-s3-ev)
+ [S3 物件掃描結果](#s3-object-scan-status-malware-protection-s3-ev)
+ [掃描後標籤失敗事件](#post-tag-failure-malware-protection-s3-ev)

### 惡意軟體防護計劃資源狀態
<a name="resource-status-malware-protection-s3-ev"></a>

您可以根據下列案例建立 EventBridge 事件模式：

**潛在`detail-type`值**
+ `"GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Active"`
+ `"GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Warning"`
+ `"GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Error"`

**事件模式**

```
{
      "detail-type": ["potential detail-type"],
      "source": ["aws.guardduty"]
}
```

**的通知結構描述範例`GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Active`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{6a7e8feb-b491-4cf7-a9f1-bf3703467718}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Active",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2017-12-22T18:43:48Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "eventTime": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
        "s3BucketDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}"
        },
        "resourceStatus": "ACTIVE"
    }
}
```

**的通知結構描述範例`GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Warning`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{6a7e8feb-b491-4cf7-a9f1-bf3703467718}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status warning",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2017-12-22T18:43:48Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "eventTime": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
        "s3BucketDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}"
        },
        "resourceStatus": "WARNING",
        "statusReasons": [
         {
            "code": "INSUFFICIENT_TEST_OBJECT_PERMISSIONS"
         }
        ]
    }
}
```

**的通知結構描述範例`GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status Error`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{fc7a35b7-83bd-3c1f-ecfa-1b8de9e7f7d2}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Resource Status {{Error}}",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2017-12-22T18:43:48Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "eventTime": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
        "s3BucketDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}"
        },
        "resourceStatus": "{{ERROR}}",
        "statusReasons": [
        {
            "code": "{{EVENTBRIDGE_MANAGED_EVENTS_DELIVERY_DISABLED}}"
        }
       ]
    }
}
```

根據 `resourceStatus` 背後的原因`ERROR`，將會填入 `statusReasons`值。

如需下列警告和錯誤的疑難排解步驟資訊，請參閱 [針對惡意軟體防護計劃狀態進行故障診斷](troubleshoot-s3-malware-protection-status-errors.md)。

### S3 物件掃描結果
<a name="s3-object-scan-status-malware-protection-s3-ev"></a>

```
{
  "detail-type": ["GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result"],
  "source": ["aws.guardduty"]
}
```

當 `scanStatus`為 時`SKIPPED`， `scanResultDetails`會包含 `statusReasons` 欄位，提供略過掃描的特定原因。如需可能值的資訊，請參閱 [S3 物件潛在掃描狀態和結果狀態](monitoring-malware-protection-s3-scans-gdu.md#s3-object-scan-result-value-malware-protection)。

**的通知結構描述範例`NO_THREATS_FOUND`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{72c7d362-737a-6dce-fc78-9e27a0171419}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "scanStatus": "COMPLETED",
        "resourceType": "S3_OBJECT",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{APKAEIBAERJR2EXAMPLE}}",
            "eTag": "{{ASIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "scanResultDetails": {
            "scanResultStatus": "NO_THREATS_FOUND",
            "threats": null,
            "statusReasons": null
        }
    }
}
```

**的通知結構描述範例`THREATS_FOUND`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{72c7d362-737a-6dce-fc78-9e27a0171419}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "scanStatus": "COMPLETED",
        "resourceType": "S3_OBJECT",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{APKAEIBAERJR2EXAMPLE}}",
            "eTag": "{{ASIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "scanResultDetails": {
            "scanResultStatus": "THREATS_FOUND",
            "threats": [
                {
                    "name": "{{EICAR-Test-File (not a virus)}}"
                }
            ],
            "statusReasons": null
        }
    }
}
```

**注意**  
`scanResultDetails.Threats` 欄位只包含一個威脅。根據預設，惡意軟體防護 S3 掃描會報告第一個偵測到的威脅。之後， `scanStatus`會設定為 `COMPLETED`。

**掃描結果狀態的通知結構描述範例 `UNSUPPORTED`（略過）**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{72c7d362-737a-6dce-fc78-9e27a0EXAMPLE}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "scanStatus": "SKIPPED",
        "resourceType": "S3_OBJECT",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{APKAEIBAERJR2EXAMPLE}}",
            "eTag": "{{ASIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "scanResultDetails": {
            "scanResultStatus": "UNSUPPORTED",
            "threats": null,
            "statusReasons": ["{{PASSWORD_PROTECTED}}"]
        }
    }
}
```

**掃描結果狀態的通知結構描述範例 `ACCESS_DENIED`（略過）**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{72c7d362-737a-6dce-fc78-9e27a0EXAMPLE}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "scanStatus": "SKIPPED",
        "resourceType": "S3_OBJECT",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{APKAEIBAERJR2EXAMPLE}}",
            "eTag": "{{ASIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "scanResultDetails": {
            "scanResultStatus": "ACCESS_DENIED",
            "threats": null,
            "statusReasons": ["{{SSE_C_ENCRYPTED_OBJECT}}"]
        }
    }
}
```

**掃描結果狀態的通知結構描述範例`FAILED`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{72c7d362-737a-6dce-fc78-9e27a0EXAMPLE}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Object Scan Result",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-02-28T01:01:01Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "scanStatus": "FAILED",
        "resourceType": "S3_OBJECT",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{APKAEIBAERJR2EXAMPLE}}",
            "eTag": "{{ASIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "scanResultDetails": {
            "scanResultStatus": "FAILED",
            "threats": null,
            "statusReasons": null
        }
    }
}
```

### 掃描後標籤失敗事件
<a name="post-tag-failure-malware-protection-s3-ev"></a>

**事件模式**：

```
{
      "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Post Scan Action Failed",
      "source": "aws.guardduty"
 }
```

**的通知結構描述範例`ACCESS_DENIED`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{746acd83-d75c-5b84-91d2-dad5f13ba0d7}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Post Scan Action Failed",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-06-10T16:16:08Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "eventTime": "{{2024-06-10T16:16:08Z}}",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{2024-03-10-16-16-00-7D723DE8DBE9Y2E0}}",
            "eTag": "{{0e9eeec810ad8b61d69112c15c2a5hb6}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "postScanActions": [{
            "actionType": "TAGGING",
            "failureReason": "{{ACCESS_DENIED}}"
        }]
    }
}
```

**的通知結構描述範例`MAX_TAG_LIMIT_EXCEEDED`**：

```
{
    "version": "0",
    "id": "{{746acd83-d75c-5b84-91d2-dad5f13ba0d7}}",
    "detail-type": "GuardDuty Malware Protection Post Scan Action Failed",
    "source": "aws.guardduty",
    "account": "{{111122223333}}",
    "time": "{{2024-06-10T16:16:08Z}}",
    "region": "{{us-east-1}}",
    "resources": ["{{arn:aws:guardduty:{{us-east-1}}:111122223333:malware-protection-plan/b4c7f464ab3a4EXAMPLE}}"],
    "detail": {
        "schemaVersion": "1.0",
        "eventTime": "{{2024-06-10T16:16:08Z}}",
        "s3ObjectDetails": {
            "bucketName": "{{amzn-s3-demo-bucket}}",
            "objectKey": "{{2024-03-10-16-16-00-7D723DE8DBE9Y2E0}}",
            "eTag": "{{0e9eeec810ad8b61d69112c15c2a5hb6}}",
            "versionId" : "{{d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998eEXAMPLE}}",
            "s3Throttled": {{false}}
        },
        "postScanActions": [{
            "actionType": "TAGGING",
            "failureReason": "{{MAX_TAG_LIMIT_EXCEEDED}}"
        }]
    }
}
```

若要疑難排解這些故障原因，請參閱 [對 S3 物件掃描後標籤失敗進行故障診斷](troubleshoot-s3-post-scan-tag-failures.md)。